Doughnut Economics is a model to measure progress in an economy by monitoring impacts on the social and planetary boundaries. The Doughnut Economics model is visualized using two concentric circles - the inner circle represents how successfully the economy has fulfilled basic life essentials like water, food, and health, while the outer circle represents how the local economy stays within planetary boundaries and reduces stresses placed on Earth’s ecological systems like the ozone layer, soils, and climate. The space between these circles is…

An introduction to a few models that promote sustainable and resilient economic development of communities.